Vapor Pressure

Vapor Pressure and Enthalpy of Vaporization, Clausius-Clapeyron equation

Clausius-Clapeyron equation is stated below:

where P1 and P2 are any two vapor pressure measured at T1 and T2 respectively,delta Hvap is the enthalpy of vaporization, the negative sign represents its endothermic nature,R is the gas constant(R=8.3144621 j/mol*K).
Vapor pressure is best described by an example of water in a closed container. As every liquid tends to evaporate into gaseous phase,evaporated gas,once hit the ceiling of the container,condenses back into the liquid state. So, there will be an equilibrium reached once the rate at which the molecules escape liquid phase equals the rate of molecules falling back into the liquid phase. Vapor pressure is measured when the equilibrium is reached. So vapor pressure is the equilibrium vapor pressure, basically. What we call a volatile substance must have high vapor pressure. Another aspect that is associated with vapor pressure is the boiling point. High boiling point~ low vapor pressure; low boiling point~ high vapor pressure. But this relation is different from that of Temperature and Eq.Vapor pressure. Because, higher the temperature, higher the kinetic energy of the molecules,consequently, more volatile the molecules in liquid phase will become.

I forgot to mention about the boiling point and intermolecular force relation.As the intermolecular forces between the molecules are strong enough to hold them intact, it means, it will take lot of energy to break those forces and bring the liquid to evaporate(boil). So stronger the IMF, higher the BP( boiling point).

Condensation is the reverse process of vaporization. Molecules in gas phase transfers some of its kinetic energy by colliding with slower gaseous molecules and solid objects( walls of the container). If this molecule loses sufficient energy and comes in contact with the surface of the liquid, it can re-enter the liquid phase.

my blueberry nights( movie review)

This is another Wong Kar Wai moody-love movie, but somewhat with an american style happy ending thrown in the end.Maybe that's because it was produced in america.I would give 7/10 in the genre of romance! This is good but not as good as the ones before. You can clearly see and distinguish the signature Kar Wai methodologies such as flashing the light from side angle and going from right to left or vice versa while the character turning his head or body in the opposite direction. Visuals are great in the movie as usual, that blueberry pie/cake/whatever melting and fusing together with milk and some yummy colorful thingy..like..u know it just looks so damn delicious it literally makes your mouth water. It wouldn't be too much to say that this movie is pretty much trademarked by that scene in my mind. Performance of the actors were great! I used to not like Rachel Weisz for no apparent reason( because she's too gorgeous,,,jealousy!!haha), but after i've seen this film, i just truly admire her as a "well-established" actress in the industry. Her husband in the movie was also a good actor too,he portrayed the character of country-boy turned local cop/happily married/divorced too well. Another one of hidden gems of Natalie Portman,she is just so productive in her own age, having played in mainstream commercial success films, anonymous commercial failures,historical,..well you name it! And she did great job on all of em too! Jude Law portrayed the same kind of characted he always does, a hopelessly romantic guy! and awfully british too!
I liked the story of the film. It's almost like you knew these people,living a real life same as you are.You feel like you can relate to these people. Again,Kar Wai is a brilliant human being, he wrote both the story and the screenplay!!!
CatPower-the greatest plays softly in the background, while the blueberry pie is being fused with rich white milk in a way that is so artistic.

My own melodrama added after watching the movie( whhaaaatt!!!)
First and last part
...crossing that road was easy after all, because the right person has been waiting for you all along...
Middle part
...pain pain and more pain
Middle part
...Learn to read people, Learn not to trust people, and Learn to trust people..


(When my hair grows back, i'll love again...
We will not be the same people again):P

Chemistry

Chemistry class is going to squeeze me out this semester. There are one assessment quiz which will determine the amount of homework i'm gonna get for that week,and an examination on every friday. On one hand, it is a good thing, I will learn the concepts well enough to actually make a good use of it later. Maybe, hopefully, it will make me like chemistry a little more. But on the other hand, it's going to be loads of work including reading, online homework assignments(i'm sure there will be,for i'm not too sure if i will do well enough on those assessment quizzes to not get assigned any homework) and solving lots of of problems to be able to do well on the exams. But the important thing is that the teacher is not boring. Actually he deserves more than being rated as "not-boring". He knows what he's doing, and at least he doesn't stray off into non related topics and self-experience-talk, gosh, one teacher that i had used to just go on and on about himself. The textbook we're utilizing is by Kotz "Chemical Reactivity". Skipping the 11th chapter "Gas", we're now studying the 12th chapter " Intermolecular Forces and Liquids". There are 4 types of IMF's 1. ion-dipole force
2.dipole-dipole force
3.hydrogen bonding [Strongest IMF]
4.London force aka dispersion F [weakest IMF ; all molecules have london F]
Everything here is pretty self-explanatory. He emphasized at the beginning of the lecture that "covalent molecules are island of atoms with covalent bonds connecting them, and ionic solid is defined as extended lattice of ions with coulombic forces between them; therefore, there's not such thing as a molecule of NaCl".
Enthalpy is denoted by deltaH(hydration) and it is the sum of the internal energy in the system. When an ion dissolves in water it gives off energy. Also enthalpy depends on the distance between water molecules and ion. So bigger the atom is, less the energy given off.
Hydrogen bonds need 1.acidic H (N,F,O,Cl,I,Br)
2.basic lone pair (N,O,F)
Amazing substance WATER!!!

Also, there are extensive h-bonds in human body. All the nucleic acids in our body( DNAs and RNAs)can't exist without hydrogen bonding. DNA strand is made up of two sugar-phosphate chains are connected to each other with their bases( Adenine, Guanine, Thymine, Cytosine, Uracil in RNAs) through this essential bond.Also, all the polymers in body proteins (alpha helix beta sheets and all that...) are connected through h-bond.
London force forms when there are two non polar molecules get connected to each other with the help of induced dipole. So where is this induced dipole coming from? At any given infinitesimally small moment, electrons that are moving randomly cluster at one side of the atom, which makes it slightly charged negatively/positively on the other side; consequently, there's an attraction between the atoms.
One statement that he clearly said was " IMF is not a chemical bond" .Pretty obvious,isn't it? Righttt??

Low vapor pressure=few molecules in gas phase = high bp
High vapor pressure= lots of molecules in gas phase =low bp

Clausius Clapyran Equation (he says don't laugh at the name, but everyone did right after he said that,,haha!)

This equation helps us calculate the vapor pressure at one given time if we know the enthalpy of vaporization and vap.press at another given time.

college physics

This semester i'm retaking this college level introductory physics course. So far it's going great! I love the teacher with his enthusiasm and his sense of humor.His colleague who filled in for him in the last lecture, says about him: " He's a good teacher, and he actually gives a crap".That pretty much explains it. We're using a textbook by Giancoli, 6th edition. So the first chapter is about how they do science,and contents like scientific method(observation,theory,model,law,principle etc), standard units (SI unit),precision VS accuracy, percent error, significant figure, order-of-magnitude estimation, dimensions. On the very first day of class, the statement that i really liked, so far ignited my interest in the course was " Law in human world is prescriptive, but law in science is descriptive", which means legal law tells people how they SHOULD behave, but scientific law tries to tell how nature DOES behave. Theory is being tested over and over again, the most important feature of theory is actually testable. Law is a statement which holds to be valid over a wide range of observed phenomena, whereas principle applies to statements less general( ex: Archimed's Principle).Main SI units are m-kg-s. Accuracy (Did you hit the target?) Precision (How close did you hit the target?) :)
The concept of significant figure is little fuzzy though it'll get better once i start solving problems. Order of magnitude simply means ten to the power something (i.e, 10^-5). Dimensional analysis will help you make sure you got the correct answer by checking the unit combination.
That's it for the first two lectures. Also there's going to be a web project due at the end of the semester. The topic can be anything physics related, even a biography of any notable physicist.

dream series #1

There are now two realities associated with that certain image. Zevhii tsagaanaar nuuree budsan (kabuki maygiin)Ar nuruugaa garsan kimono omsson yopon huuhen, harin hajuud ni baih ter yalimgui sahaltai amerik er. Ter er busgui luu shirteh bogood gagtshuu "ah mini bn ,chinii dotor ah mini bn" gej duuldahtai uguitei busguid shivgeneh ajee. Busgui ichinguiren hartsaa dooshluulna tegsnee buh yum genetiin duut jujig musical bolj huvirana.Ted 2uul duulj garna tegeed etsest ni unseltseh bogod busgui ichinguiren dotogshoo oroy gadaa bolohgui geed nudarch bga haragdana.Yagad ch yum ter zaluu yag busguig harah mochid ahiigaa ugui bolchihsoniig(nas barsaniig)yaj ch yum medrene.madame butterfly content? Of course there is.There also was a blood, can’t really remember from where it came from, probably a segment from next dream.He was begging me to do the one last favor, phew, I was just disgusted by the idea, since I knew everything.The ugly was exposed there though.
Dreamt on 9/24-9/25

He left no time to regret
Kept his dick wet
With his same old safe bet
Me and my head high
And my tears dry
Get on without my guy
You went back to what you knew
So far removed from all that we went through
And I tread a troubled track
My odds are stacked
I'll go back to black

We only said good-bye with words
I died a hundred times
You go back to her
And I go back to.....

I go back to us

I love you much
It's not enough
You love blow and I love puff
And life is like a pipe
And I'm a tiny penny rolling up the walls inside

We only said goodbye with words
I died a hundred times
You go back to her
And I go back to

Black, black, black, black, black, black, black,
I go back to
I go back to

manai hun ch saihan hund gar lda. nadaa yag yu ni taalagdaad bgam be gevel terend neg tiim bohoshgui gal dotor ni baidag bhaa, etsest ni ooriig ni shataagaad duusah.It's always been about her, so explicit and obvious, She gives and never takes,

Azargan tahianii aldar badartugai!

...Master margarita 2 iig unshij bnaa ho, anhanasaa chuham zugeer hair durlaliin sedevt roman gej bodoj baital ugui ee, ihed sonirholtoi uran egt durslelruu mani metiig daguulan yavj ogvoo,nadad bol yasan ch ahadsan zohiol gedgiig medreed baigaa,20r zuunii uran zohioliin augaa tuurvil gedgiig ni uchir medeh humuusees sonsood yavch utga avtsaldaagui yum baij taarahgui gej setgeed unshaad bui, gehdee hamgiin gol ni unshihad ih amttai horon maygiin ineedemtei aihtar boditoi geh metchilen yamar chigsen esen mend unshij duusahiin toloo ene hundagataigaa orgoy doo, gantsaaraa uusaar arhichin bolj amy winehouse-tai sugadaltsaj avaad londongiin baruudiig duusgav! za amy winehousiin talaar daraa ni bichne oirdoo tsaad huuhnii chin duund shimteed tarhi tolgoi ooroor setgehgui bn, za ingeed ene azargan tahianii aldar badartugai gedeg bulgees ehleed saraachsuu!

...sanhuugiin zahiral Rimskii huvhai tsaichihsan har hurdaaraa leningrad oroh buuhia galt teregruu harailgaj yavahiig hyamsgar taxinii joloochoos oor busad hun barag medeegui ongorchee,uchir ni teatriin uudendeh kassnii jijuur tsaadhiig garch yavahad untaj bjildee, za ter yahav ugaasaa ch hen ch haraad Rimskiig odoo tanihaargui bolsondoo zailuul, Wolandiin "achaar" us ni hormiin dotor tsal buural bolj urchger ovgon l uldsen. tomoos tom neelttei tsonhoor ni bichgiin shireen deeguur henegguihen nisej yavaa buduun Varenukha, dongoj hedhen tsagiin omno Lihodeev-iig haana bga talaar oortei ni yag ter bichgiin shireenii ard suugaad heleltsej asan Erhlegch shuude. Vareukha yag l nisj yavaa gahai shig haragdsaniig nuugaad yahav. yu bolson be geheer Woland orchin tsagiin moskvagiin hun ard ooroor helbel odoogor yarival huuchin soc niigmiin oros ah egch nariiin herhen aashilj ayglahiig nudeer uzeheer tiinhuu chotgoriin togloomoor naadaj "Tamiin shidini toglolt" hemeeh hoh ineed hurem neriin dor Mani Lihodeeviin dargalj asan teatrt toglolt tavij lde, Moskvagiin ard irged ch bas l sonin hachin ilbe shidini yum uzeh ni gesendee(unendee chaavaas uur uzeh yum ch baihgui baisan biz)ui olnooroo tsuglajee gej. uzegchid ch husen huleesen id shidee ch yostoi neg bahaa hanatlaa, bur harin ch neg hashirtlaa l uzeh shig bolsondoo. Hoorhii darga hen bilee nuuts amragiinhaa yavdliig olond delguulj, bas onooh tsodgor gedestei aahilsan hotlogch tolgoigoo tasduulj, teruugeer neg goyj goodood irsen avgai huuhnuud tsom ed baraanii sonirhloosoo bolj charmai nutsgerch harin ch neg sain chaduulsan daa. Toglolt id dundaa urgeljilj bh uyed mani Rimskii, ugiin medremj saitai mani hashir er ene er busiin " tamiin shidini yasan iisen togloltiig neg l saishaahgui harin ch neg l muug yorlood bgam shig sanagdaad baij suuj yadan oroon dotuuraa holhin ene uchir bituuleg shidten bas jujigchin Wolandtai hamaatai ajil hergiig tolgoi deer ni tohchihood ooroo or suraggui alga bolood bas deerees ni hachin sonin tsahilgaan Yaltaas iruuleed baisan lihodeev bas ene hergiig moshgihoor garsan hurdan shalamgai Varenukha 2iin talaar eeljilj bodsoor baital ni hereg yavdal mandsan ni ene bjee. Genet l tsagdaa sergiilehiin shugel gadaa tashiij charmai nutsgersen avgai huuhnuudiin charlaldan uilah duun bas tedgeeriig haran doogloj shoogloh erchuudiin buduun ineed holildson boon duu shuugiantai hamt hadaad yavchihlaa daa. Mani Rimskii ch dotroo " Tui, bi yag medeed baisiim iim yum bolno gej" geed l teruugeer neg nulimaad l amandaa uglej garav, tegj baital ch gadaah shuugian namjaad odoo mani hund zovhon herhen ene buh balai yavdlaas tolgoi tsustahguihen shig garj yaj hamag buruug Lihodeevruu chiheh vee gedgee bodoh uldlee. bain bain tolgoigoo shaan yah gej iim heregt hutgaldvaa gej oorigoo zemleedl utasdaj iltgehuu baihuu gej ergelzen teenegelzej utsandaa hurch yadan baital ni harin utas ni oodoos ni chichvegentel duugarlaa, aisan rimskii utsaa avaad ayarhan chagnatal tsaanaas ni emegtei hunii zoolhon atlaa neg l jihuudes hurem amisgaltai hooloigoor "-Rimskii haash ni ch buu utasd muu yum bolno shu" gej heled tasalchihdag baigaa. Rimskiin aisan ch gej jigteihen tegeed baij baital gadaah uimeen samuun odoo baihgui bolood harin 15nii sar gylaisan shoniin haranhui tenger l uzegdeh bogood manai hun ihed ain megden baital haalganiih ni tsooj ayarhan gadnaasaa ergev... taalda hen orj irseniig! onooh ulaa butarch haluu duugen yavdag tsarai ni uheeriin tsagaan bolchison bas ch gej teriigee negmuu soningiin oodsoor nuuhchaa aydsan negen buduun etgeed nudeere gololzsoor orj irsen ni yah argagui Varenukha bailaa. Rimskii sanaa ni amarsan bolovch Varenukhiin tegj ih udaj baij ireed ogt er busiin bair baidal gargaj mon ter Lihodeeviig Pushkinod shal sogtotloo uugaad shineer neegdsen Yalta restoranaas hashin balai tsahilgaan yavuulsan bogood suuldee bur demiirch tend baisan 8 shil frants winog haga tsohison ch geh shig hachin nairuulgatai yum zohioj yariad baigaagaas ni sejig avchildee.Tiinhuu baidal bishdseniig medren amaa olohgui burj ogch baigaa Varenukhiin shalan deer tussan suudriig sanaandgui olj haraad uhaanaa gartal ain tsochiv, varenukhiin suuder arai tod bas arai budeg 2 suuder bolj huvaagdaad hoorondoo zoroldoj bh mon sandliiin suuder ter chigeeree haragdaad bhad sandliin naluuriin deer Varenukhiin tolgoin suuder baihgui bailaa. Tiinhuu suuderluu ni harj am ni angain zogtussaniig Varenukha uzeed "odoo negent barigdchihlaa gesen shig suudlaasaa bosj ochood haalgiig dotros ni tugjchihlee, harin ene uyest rimskiin tsonhnii tend neg zuil sharchignan dugarsand hartal "shine" Varenukhiin hamsaatan boloh tsus sorogch em shulam Hella omhiirch yalzarsan nutsgen biyeree tsonhond naaldaad tugjeeg ni orooson garaaraa multlahaar maajilj bv. Rimskiin us ch yag l ene agshind tsasaar shuuruulsan met tsain buuraltaad uhaan sanaa ni samuurch gagtshuu uhel ni irjee gedgiig ed es buhneeree medren orooniihoo neg bulanluu shigdeed sugavchilj yavdag bor havtsaa tolgoi deeree barichihsan(ternii nemer tus gej yu baihav!)dagjin chichren bailaa. Em shulam ch yah iihiin zuurdgui tsonhnii tugjeeg multlaad davshlan orj ireed Rimskiid dohdogiin davaan deer terteeh oiroltsood azargan tahia uur hayarch buig zarlan dongodosnoor tiinhuu buural ovgonii ami heltersen hereg. azargan tahianii duug sonsood hachin muuhai ori duu tavisnaa nutsgen shulam ongorhoi niseed yavaad ogoh ni ter.Araas ni onooh bodon gahai shig esvel pendiij hootloo tsus sorson zaan shumuul shig Varenukha bichgiin shireen deeguur suuder ch ugui yu ch ugui nisen odvoo. Azargan Tahianii Aldar Badartugai! :))


Edward Ivan Savelivich Varenukha :P